![]() A real-time muck analysis system for assistant intelligence TBM tunnelling is proposed in this paper. As a result of the interaction between rock mass and TBM cutterhead, mucks are very important for predicting rock mass conditions and evaluating rock breaking efficiency. Intelligent tunnelling has become an important direction for the development of TBM technology recently. This study showed how only site-specific ecotoxicological evaluations can ensure a safe management of the spoil material, making possible the re-use of soil and avoiding production of waste. The results showed a decrease in SLES over time and different ecotoxicological responses depending not only on the initial amount of each product, but also on the soil lithology and organism tested (aquatic or terrestrial). Elutriates were prepared in order to simulate a possible SLES leaching from soil to water. The decrease in SLES concentrations and the ecotoxicological tests were performed in soil and its water extract (elutriate) at different times (0, 7, 14, 28 d). The soil mesocosms were set up with two different lithologies, which contained four different foaming agent products at the highest amounts used for excavation. This work reports the chemical results (SLES residual concentrations) and ecotoxicological effects (battery of five tests) of 28 day-mesocosm studies performed at a tunnelling construction site. The re-use as a by-product of excavated soil containing foaming agents (spoil material) can pose a risk for soil and particularly for aquatic ecosystems if they are close to the spoil material final destination site. The latter contain the anionic surfactant sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES) as the main compound. Mechanized excavation of tunnels with Earth Pressure Balance-Tunnel Boring Machines requires the use of foaming agents. This paper describes the possible screening tests and treatment options for material recycling in the framework of a modified spoil classification system. ![]() Characterisation tests derived from geotechnical engineering can support the assessment of the physical and mechanical properties of non-conventional materials, creating a feedback loop encompassing raw material description, required treatments, and possible utilisations as engineered materials. wooden chips, fragments, granulates, micronized glass, residual out of shape from manufacturing processes or coming from selection of other waste) has a great relevance as it is accompanied by savings in disposal costs and in the sourcing of raw materials. With a similar approach in industrial and related sectors, the reuse of non-conventional materials (i.e. A procedure for classifying the spoil from tunnelling was proposed in order to correlate ground type, possible muck destination and treatment type. Spoils produced from these activities typically show high variability in terms of properties and behaviour, due to the local geology, adopted excavation method and further spoil treatments. Reusing bulk volumes of waste material is a requirement often encountered in mining and construction activities involving excavations.
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